DNA-Encoded Amino Acids

Below is the complete list of the 20 standard amino acids that can be expressed by DNA sequences, along with their corresponding DNA codons (using the standard genetic code). Each entry includes a link to its Wikipedia page for further details.

Amino Acid	3-Letter Code	1-Letter Code	DNA Codons (RNA Codons)	Wikipedia Link	Image Link
Alanine	Ala	A	GCT, GCC, GCA, GCG	Alanine
Arginine	Arg	R	CGT, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG	Arginine
Asparagine	Asn	N	AAT, AAC	Asparagine
Aspartic acid	Asp	D	GAT, GAC	Aspartic acid
Cysteine	Cys	C	TGT, TGC	Cysteine
Glutamic acid	Glu	E	GAA, GAG	Glutamic acid
Glutamine	Gln	Q	CAA, CAG	Glutamine
Glycine	Gly	G	GGT, GGC, GGA, GGG	Glycine
Histidine	His	H	CAT, CAC	Histidine
Isoleucine	Ile	I	ATT, ATC, ATA	Isoleucine
Leucine	Leu	L	TTA, TTG, CTT, CTC, CTA, CTG	Leucine
Lysine	Lys	K	AAA, AAG	Lysine
Methionine	Met	M	ATG (Start codon)	Methionine
Phenylalanine	Phe	F	TTT, TTC	Phenylalanine
Proline	Pro	P	CCT, CCC, CCA, CCG	Proline
Serine	Ser	S	TCT, TCC, TCA, TCG, AGT, AGC	Serine
Threonine	Thr	T	ACT, ACC, ACA, ACG	Threonine
Tryptophan	Trp	W	TGG	Tryptophan
Tyrosine	Tyr	Y	TAT, TAC	Tyrosine
Valine	Val	V	GTT, GTC, GTA, GTG	Valine

Amino Acid “Periodic Table” (DNA Codon-Based)

AMINO ACID PERIODIC TABLE (DNA CODON VERSION)

Gly (G)

GGT GGC
GGA GGG

Ala (A)

GCT GCC
GCA GCG

Val (V)

GTT GTC
GTA GTG

Leu (L)

TTA TTG
CTT CTC
CTA CTG

Ile (I)

ATT ATC
ATA

Met (M)

ATG

Ser (S)

TCT TCC
TCA TCG
AGT AGC

Thr (T)

ACT ACC
ACA ACG

Cys (C)

TGT TGC

Asn (N)

AAT AAC

Gln (Q)

CAA CAG

Tyr (Y)

TAT TAC

Asp (D)

GAT GAC

Glu (E)

GAA GAG

Lys (K)

AAA AAG

Arg (R)

CGT CGC
CGA CGG
AGA AGG

His (H)

CAT CAC

Pro (P)

CCT CCC
CCA CCG

Phe (F)

TTT TTC

Trp (W)

TGG

Nonpolar Polar Acidic Basic

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